Parallel basal ganglia circuits for voluntary and automatic behaviour to reach rewards.

Op-brai150137 1776..1800

The basal ganglia control body movements, value processing and decision-making. Many studies have shown that the inputs and outputs of each basal ganglia structure are topographically organized, which suggests that the basal ganglia consist of separate circuits that serve distinct functions. A notable example is the circuits that originate from the rostral (head) and caudal (tail) regions of th...

Navarro Functional anatomy of thalamus and basal ganglia

Published online: 26 July 2002 © Springer-Verlag 2002 ticofugal projection provides positive feedback to the “correct” input, while at the same time suppressing irrelevant information. Topographical organisation of the thalamic afferents and efferents is contralateral, and the lateralisation of the thalamic functions affects both sensory and motoric aspects. Symptoms of lesions located in the t...

Self-Organization in the Basal Ganglia with Modulation of Reinforcement Signals

Self-organization is one of fundamental brain computations for forming efficient representations of information. Experimental support for this idea has been largely limited to the developmental and reorganizational formation of neural circuits in the sensory cortices. We now propose that self-organization may also play an important role in short-term synaptic changes in reward-driven voluntary ...

A Gray-Box Neural Network Model of Parkinson’s Disease Using Gait Signal

In this study, we focused on the gait of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and presented a gray box model for it. We tried to present a model for basal ganglia structure in order to generate stride time interval signal in model output for healthy and PD states. Because of feedback role of dopamine neurotransmitter in basal ganglia, this part is modelled by “Elman Network”, which is a neural network stru...

How the Basal Ganglia Use Parallel Excitatory and Inhibitory Learning Pathways to Selectively Respond to Unexpected Rewarding Cues Abbreviated Title: Basal Ganglia Learning and Unexpected Rewards